Pesawat Udara Nirawak ‘Elang Hitam’ Resmi Diluncurkan

SWARNANEWS.CO.ID-Bandung, 30/12/2019 – Hasil rancang bangun atau development manufacturing dari “air frame” pesawat udara nirawak (PUNA) atau drone tipe medium altitude long endurance (MALE) bernama “Elang Hitam”yang mampu terbang tanpa henti selama lebih dari 24 jam dan memiliki pengendalian multiple UAV secara bersamaan diluncurkan melalui Konsorsium Pesawat Terbang Tanpa Awak (PTTA MALE).

“Pesawat Tanpa Awak MALE ‘Elang Hitam’ ini hasil rancang bangun, rekayasa dan produksi anak bangsa,” kata Kepala Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT) Hammam Riza di dalam acara Roll Out Pesawat Udara Nir Awak (PUNA) atau Dronetipe Medium Altitude Long Endurance (MALE) di PT Dirgantara Indonesia, di Bandung, Jawa Barat, Senin.

Nama Elang Hitam pada PUNA MALE ini diberikan oleh Menteri Riset dan Teknologi/Kepala Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN) Bambang PS Brodjonegoro.

Hammam Riza menjelaskan bahwa pengembangan PUNA MALE ini diperuntukkan untuk mendukung kemandirian alat utama sistem pertahanan (alutsista) negeri serta mendukung kegiatan intelijen, pengawasan, pengintaian dan penargetan (Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance and Targeting).

Konsorsium itu beranggotakan BPPT, Kementerian Pertahanan dan TNI Angkatan Udara sebagai pengguna, Institut Teknologi Bandung sebagai mitra perguruan tinggi, PT Dirgantara Indonesia sebagai mitra industri pembuatan pesawat, PT LEN Persero yang mengembangkan sistem kendali dan muatan, serta Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional.

“PUNA MALE ‘Elang Hitam’ ini rencananya akan dipersenjatai rudal dan mampu terbang dengan ketinggian jelajah hingga 23.000 kaki,” katanya.

Ia mengemukakan bahwa PUNA MALE ini juga dapat digunakan untuk melakukan pengawasan dalam menjaga kedaulatan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI) baik di wilayah darat maupun laut melalui pantauan udara.

Pemantauan ini dilakukan dalam mengantisipasi ancaman yang terjadi di daerah perbatasan, serta kasus lain seperti terorisme, penyelundupan, pembajakan, hingga pencurian sumber daya alam di antaranya pembalakan liar (illegal logging) dan pencurian ikan (illegal fishing).

“Kebutuhan pengawasan dari udara yang efisien dan kemampuan muatan (payload) yang lebih besar dan jangkauan radius terbang yang jauh secara continue menjadi kebutuhan yang harus diantisipasi,” katanya.

Hammam berharap kehadiran PUNA MALE akan dapat menjawab tantangan terkait pengawasan kedaulatan NKRI dan mendorong Indonesia menjadi negara yang maju, mandiri dan berdaya saing.

“Diharapkan dengan kemandirian ini maka PUNA MALE buatan Indonesia dapat mengisi kebutuhan skadron TNI AU untuk dapat mengawasi wilayah NKRI melalui wahana udara,” katanya.

PUNA MALE ini memiliki spesifikasi diantaranya daya jelajah dan komunikasi hingga 250 km, durasi terbang terus menerus hingga 30 jam, dimensi panjang pesawat 8,3 m dan bentang sayap 16 m.

Direktur Utama PT Dirgantara Indonesia Elfien Goentoro mengatakan inisiasi pelaksanaan riset dalam program konsorsium pesawat nirawak PUNA MALE diawali oleh Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan (Balitbang) Kementerian Pertahanan (Kemhan) RI dan PT Dirgantara Indonesia pada tahun 2015 dan 2016.

Ia menjelaskan program konsorsium pesawat udara nirawak PUNA MALE merupakan proyek strategis nasional sebagaimana yang disinergikan oleh perusahaan BUMN klaster industri pertahanan untuk peningkatan kemandirian industri pertahanan dan keamanan.

“Pesawat udara nirawak PUNA MALE ini dapat dioptimalkan fungsinya untuk kebutuhan ‘surveillance’ dan target ‘acquisition’ yang dapat dipersenjatai dengan kemampuan short take off landing, maksimum endurance yaitu sampai 30 jam targetnya,” kata Elfien.

Dia mengatakan PUNA MALE ini mampu mengakomodasi misi kombatan sekitar 300 kg untuk kapasitas muatannya.

Pengembangan PUNA MALE diinisiasi pada 2015 oleh Balitbang Kemhan melalui kesepakatan rancangan, kebutuhan dan tujuan PUNA MALE yang akan dioperasikan oleh TNI khususnya TNI AU.

Proses perancangan dimulai dengan kegiatan “preliminary design”, “basic design” dengan pembuatan dua kali model terowongan angin dan hasil ujinya di tahun 2016 dan 2018.

Setelah itu, dilanjutkan dengan pembuatan engineering document dan drawing tahun 2017 melalui anggaran dari Balitbang Kemhan dan BPPT.

Kemudian pada 2017, perjanjian bersama dibentuk dengan adanya Konsorsium Pesawat Terbang Tanpa Awak (PTTA) MALE.

Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional (LAPAN) sendiri baru bergabung sebagai anggota konsorsium pada 2019.

Tahap manufacturing

Pada 2019, tahap manufacturing PUNA MALE dimulai melalui beberapa tahapan. Tahapan awal yaitu dilakukan dengan adanya proses design structure, perhitungan Finite Element Method, pembuatan gambar 3D serta detail drawing 2D yang dikerjakan oleh engineer BPPT dan disupervisi oleh PT Dirgantara Indonesia.

Kemudian, dilanjutkan dengan pembuatan tooling, molding, cetakan dan fabrikasi dengan proses pre-preg dengan autoclave.

Pada 2019, juga dilakukan pengadaan Flight Control System (FCS) yang diproduksi di Spanyol. FCS ini akan diintegrasikan di awal 2020 pada prototype PUNA MALE pertama (PM1) yang telah dibuat oleh insiyur BPPT dan PT Dirgantara Indonesia yang telah mendapatkan pelatihan untuk mengintegrasikan dan mengoperasikan sistem kendali tersebut pada prototipe yang dibuat di PT Dirgantara Indonesia.

Teks/Editor : Antara/Asih

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